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How to value a patent with the cost, market and income methods, which one fits fundraising, M&A or licensing, and what moves the number up or down.

An audit-first framework to scale a patent portfolio with your company: inventory assets, find the gaps, file or acquire, and be ready for diligence.

PTAB institution rates have fallen as the USPTO narrows review. What the shift means for issued patents, licensing leverage and enforcement plans in 2026.

Patent maintenance fees turn an issued patent into a subscription. Three questions decide which patents to keep paying for and which to let lapse.

What to do after a Notice of Allowance: decide on a continuation before the issue fee, audit the grant, plan maintenance fees and enforce with intent.

A third rejection is a decision point, not a verdict. Compare an RCE, a continuation and an appeal by the portfolio value each builds for your budget.

Options after a final office action beyond another RCE: when a PTAB appeal breaks the logjam, what it costs, and how to set the record up to win.

How to overcome a Section 101 eligibility rejection for an AI patent: tie claims to a technical improvement and answer the mental-process argument.